Ndurumeni ya Kĩcaka - atomic force microscopy (AFM) wa njakaranda ya PTCDA, kũrĩa mĩhĩrĩga ĩtano ya Tharaka (Carboni) ĩtandatũ ĩonekaga
Njakaranda nĩ gĩkundi kĩa atomu igĩrĩ kana makĩria iria igwatanĩtio hamwe itangĩrandũrwo na mahinya ma cebecebe(chemical).
